Next CSE-PPT: 14 March 2027 · Professional & Subprofessional
Civil Service Exam reviewer on Philippine laws protecting women, children and families: sexual harassment, maternity and paternity leave, VAWC leave, breastfeeding, child marriage, adoption and the Family Code.
The Constitution directs the State to protect the family, women and children, and many laws carry out that duty. Several of them also matter in the workplace, because they grant leave benefits and impose duties on employers, including government offices.
This set covers laws not included in our other topics: the Anti-Sexual Harassment Act, the expanded maternity leave and paternity leave laws, leave for victims of violence, breastfeeding at work, the ban on child marriage, adoption reform and key Family Code rules. Learn each law with its number of days, ages or main purpose.
Correct answer: B. Anti-Sexual Harassment Act
RA 7877 punishes sexual harassment committed by a person with authority, influence or moral ascendancy over another, such as an employer, supervisor, teacher or trainer. The later Safe Spaces Act (RA 11313) widened protection to streets, online spaces and peer-to-peer harassment.
Read detailsCorrect answer: D. 105 days
RA 11210 of 2019 grants 105 days of paid maternity leave for live childbirth, regardless of the mode of delivery, with an option to extend for 30 days without pay. Solo mothers get an additional 15 days with pay.
Read detailsCorrect answer: B. 60 days
RA 11210 grants 60 days of paid leave for miscarriage or emergency termination of pregnancy, compared with 105 days for live childbirth. The benefit applies to every instance of pregnancy, regardless of frequency.
Read detailsCorrect answer: C. 7 days
The law lets the mother allocate up to seven days of her maternity leave to the child's father, or to an alternate caregiver if the father is absent. These days are in addition to the father's own paternity leave.
Read detailsCorrect answer: A. 7 days
RA 8187 grants seven days of paternity leave with full pay to a married male employee for the first four deliveries of his legitimate spouse with whom he is cohabiting, so that he can support his wife during and after childbirth.
Read detailsCorrect answer: B. 10 days
Section 43 grants victims of violence under RA 9262 a paid leave of up to ten days, in addition to other paid leaves, which may be extended when necessary as specified in a protection order. It lets victims attend to medical and legal concerns.
Read detailsCorrect answer: C. 15 days
A BPO is effective for fifteen days. For longer protection, the victim may ask a court for a Temporary Protection Order or a Permanent Protection Order. The barangay is often the quickest place to seek help.
Read detailsCorrect answer: A. Two months with full pay
RA 9710 grants a special leave of two months with full pay, based on gross monthly compensation, to women employees who have rendered at least six months of continuous aggregate service in the last twelve months before the surgery.
Read detailsCorrect answer: D. 5 percent
Section 36 of RA 9710 requires agencies to use gender mainstreaming and to allocate at least five percent of their total budget for gender and development (GAD) plans and programmes. Each agency also has a GAD Focal Point System.
Read detailsCorrect answer: B. 40 minutes for every eight-hour working period
RA 10028 grants paid lactation periods of not less than forty minutes for every eight-hour working period, in addition to regular breaks, and requires workplaces to set up lactation stations.
Read detailsCorrect answer: C. The practice of child marriage
RA 11596 prohibits child marriage, defined as a marriage in which either or both parties are below eighteen years old, and punishes those who facilitate, solemnise or cohabit in such unions. It treats child marriage as a form of child abuse.
Read detailsCorrect answer: C. The consent of his or her parents or guardian
Article 14 of the Family Code requires parental consent for parties between 18 and 21 years old. Article 15 requires parental advice for those between 21 and 25. Without that advice, the marriage licence is issued only after three months.
Read detailsCorrect answer: D. Psychologically incapacitated to comply with the essential marital obligations
Article 36 makes void a marriage where one party was psychologically incapacitated to comply with the essential marital obligations, even if the incapacity becomes manifest only after the marriage. Courts decide these cases based on the totality of evidence.
Read detailsCorrect answer: D. National Authority for Child Care (NACC)
RA 11642 transferred domestic adoption from the courts to an administrative process and created the National Authority for Child Care, attached to the DSWD, to handle adoption and alternative child care.
Read detailsCorrect answer: A. Use the surname of the father, if the father has expressly recognised the child
RA 9255 amended Article 176 of the Family Code so that illegitimate children may use the surname of their father if their filiation has been expressly recognised by the father, for example in the birth record or a public document.
Read detailsCorrect answer: B. Crime against persons
RA 8353 moved rape from crimes against chastity to crimes against persons, recognising it as a violent crime against the victim rather than an offence against honour, and widened its definition.
Read detailsCorrect answer: A. Have the capacity to act and enter into contracts equal to that of men under similar circumstances
RA 7192 gave women equal capacity to enter into contracts and opened admission to military schools such as the Philippine Military Academy. It also required government to set aside a portion of development assistance funds for women's programmes.
Read detailsCorrect answer: D. First 1,000 days of life
RA 11148 scales up nutrition and health programmes for the first 1,000 days of life, from pregnancy to the child's second birthday, a period when good nutrition has lifelong effects on growth and learning.
Read detailsCorrect answer: C. 10354
RA 10354 guarantees universal access to information and services on responsible parenthood, family planning, maternal health and reproductive health. The Supreme Court upheld most of it in Imbong v. Ochoa (2014), striking down some provisions.
Read detailsCorrect answer: A. Women's Month, with International Women's Day on 8 March
March is National Women's Month in the Philippines, and 8 March is International Women's Day. Civil Service Month is September, and National Children's Month is November under RA 10661.
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